Bashô in Yamanaka-Onsen

 
The very name of Yamanaka Onsen sounds as a promise to experience sheer and peaceful delights. Straggling along the gracious gorges of Kakusenkei, this old and very typical hot spring town takes advantage of its remarkable natural setting. The gentle flows of the Daishoji River, the cheerful songs of numerous bird species create a tranquil and soothing murmur that enhances the visitor’s stay.
Leaving behind the indeterminate feelings he had around Komatsu, resolutely heading to the southern areas of western Japan, Matsuo Bashô is believed to have stayed there, resting from his fatigue, for no less than eight days, between September and October. There too, our itinerant poet seems to have followed the paths of illustrious travellers who preceded him. The town’s long history recalls the first of them, an itinerant monk named Gyôki who lived in the first half of the 8th century. Travelling north from Nara, he is said to have discovered the local hot springs, thanks to several apparitions of the healing Buddha.
The town is actually one of Japan’s three main places where the healing Buddha is worshiped, along with temples in Kyoto and Izumo. Located on the slope of the neighbouring mountain, not far from Kiku-no-yu, the town’s traditional public bath, the Kokubunzan Ioji Temple, founded in the 8th century by Gyôki, has a striking vermillion pagoda.

It also enshrines several precious assets, displaying the town’s tradition for skilful crafts such as the Kutani Porcelain and the local Yamanaka lacquer-ware.Bashô stopped there too, leaving a walking stick proudly exhibited here, and a witty haiku that everyone around in Yamanaka knows by heart.

At Yamanaka
No need to pick chrysanthemums
The scent of hot springs

There is nothing in these words to recall the feelings of sorrow and melancholy conveyed through the Tada and Natadera haikus. Instead, charmedby the tranquillity and beauty of the place, Bashô has penned a hymn to rejuvenation.
“To leave a happy life, one should grow chrysanthemums” says an old Chinese proverb. The physicians of China and Japan knew quite well of its therapeutic benefits for the body and soul. The chrysanthemum is queen of all flowering species of Japan, symbolizing values of peace, nobility, long wealthy life, and evenly the emblem of the imperial family. Bashô must have enjoyed an absolute experience of relaxing in Yamanaka’s hot spring to dare put down on a paper such words of lese majesty. Later on, in a work entitled Hot Springs, he would introduce Yamanaka Onsen, along Arima and Kusatsu, as the most renowned of the many hot springs of Japan.